Study of mutation induced by Sodium Azide in field pea (Pisum sativum L.)

Abstract

The present study was conducted to determine the effect of Sodium Azide's sensitivity (0.1%, 0.3% and 0.5%) on three genotypes of field pea viz., Makhyatmubi, Makuchabi, and Rachna. In M₁ generation, a dose-dependent decrease was observed for seed germination, seedling height and plant survival. The pollen fertility showed a negative dependence on Sodium Azide's dose as evident from proportionate decrease in fertility with the mutagen's increasing concentration in all the three varieties. The loweest pollen fertility was noted in a Makuchabi (83.76%) at 0.5% Sodium Azide. The four types of chlorophyll mutation (chlorina, xantha, albina, and viridis) were screened from the M₂ population. Chlorina type of mutation was induced with the highest frequency at all the concentrations regardless of the variety studied. The greater concentration of Sodium Azide was observed to induce an extensive range of chlorophyll mutation in all the genotypes. However, the overall spectrum of chlorophyll mutation induced in field pea was in the following order; chlorina > viridis > xantha > albina. The magnitude of mutagenic effectiveness exposed a variety of response; it decreased with the increasing concentration of Sodium Azide on the varieties Makhyatmubi and Rachna, while on the other hand a rising trend of it was observed in the case of Makuchabi. Sodium Azide's efficiency for most of the treatment decreased with increase in the concentration in genotypes of Makhyatmubi and Rachna but for Makuchabi, it increased with the concentration in a decreasing trend.