Unrevealing the potential of aquatic macrophytes for phytoremediation in heavy metal-polluted wastewater

Authors

  • Yashwant Sompura Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
  • Suhani Bhardwaj Baba Mastnath University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
  • Gargi Selwal National Forensic Science University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
  • Vineet Soni Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
  • Kaliyaperumal Ashokkumar School of Agriculture and Animal Sciences, Gandhigram Rural Institute, Dindigul, India.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62773/jcocs.v5i1.233

Keywords:

heavy metal, phytoremediation, phytoextraction, phytochelatins

Abstract

Aquatic macrophytes including Eichhornia crassipes, Pistia stratiotes, and Lemna minor have shown promise in phytoremediation for wastewater treatment and heavy metal removal. This approach may reduce pollution. However, plant metabolic rate and ability to break down organic compounds or tolerate heavy metals are limited. Biotechnology can significantly improve these issues. Scientists can alter plants to improve phytoremediation using genetic engineering. Direct gene transfer allows certain genes to be introduced into plants, giving them advantages. Introducing genes involved in metal absorption, transport, and detoxification into plants may increase their ability to store and survive heavy metals. Introducing genes that encode enzymes that break down organic pollutants can also improve decomposition. Transgenic plants with improved metabolic pathways, biomass yield, and stress tolerance have been created using biotechnology. These advances benefit phytoremediation. Selecting acceptable plant species for genetic modification is crucial. Aquatic macrophytes can produce a lot of biomasses, grow quickly, and absorb nutrients, making them excellent for genetic engineering in phytoremediation. In general, biotechnology can improve phytoremediation by overcoming plant capacity restrictions. The ecological and regulatory effects of introducing genetically modified organisms into the environment must be considered. The safe and sustainable use of genetically modified plants for phytoremediation requires collaboration between biotechnologists, environmental scientists, and legislators.  

 

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Published

2024-03-27

How to Cite

Sompura, Y. ., Bhardwaj , S. ., Selwal, G., Soni, V. ., & Ashokkumar, K. (2024). Unrevealing the potential of aquatic macrophytes for phytoremediation in heavy metal-polluted wastewater . Journal of Current Opinion in Crop Science, 5(1), 48–61. https://doi.org/10.62773/jcocs.v5i1.233

Issue

Section

Review Article

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